Recommendation: You could fill the adjacent cells with tick characters ( ') using Benedikt's first, very clever method. So it really seems like you will be stuck with the workarounds in Benedikt's post. In addition to this, numbers will become left aligned and if the adjacent cell is set to Fill, too, text will still overflow into that cell (thanks posfan12 and HongboZhu for pointing this out).
(Note that B7 is filled with 'short text'.) See below screenshot for what this means. The problem with this method is that this will actually fill cells by repeating their content when it is short enough to fit in the cell multiple times. > Alignment tab > Horizontal alignment > Fill Select the cells you don't want to overflow and right click them > Format cells. The key to limiting the cell contents to the cell's boundaries regardless of whether the adjacent cell contains data is the text alignment Fill. Yes, you can change this behavior, but you will probably not want the side effects this causes.